The cranial nerves are a set of 12 nerves that arise from the brain and control various functions of the head and neck.
They are responsible for a wide range of functions, including controlling the muscles of the face and neck, sensing sensations such as taste and smell and controlling the movement of the eyes.
There are 12 cranial nerves in total, and they are numbered according to their point of origin in the brain.
1.Olfactory nerve (CN I) 2. Optic nerve (CN II) 3.Oculomotor nerve (CN III) 4.Trochlear nerve (CN IV) 5.Trigeminal nerve (CN V) 6. Abducens nerve (CN VI)
7. Facial nerve (CN VII) 8.Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) 9. Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) 10. Vagus nerve (CN X) 11. Accessory nerve (CN XI) 12. Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
Problems with the cranial nerves can result in a variety of symptoms, including difficulty speaking, difficulty swallowing, vision problems and loss of sensation.
Cranial nerve disorders can be caused by a variety of factors, including infection, injury, inflammation, or nerve damage.
Treatment will depend on the specific nerve and the underlying cause of the problem. In some cases, treatment may involve medications, physical therapy or surgery.