What Blood Sugar Levels Are Dangerous in Type 2 Diabetes?

Understanding Dangerous Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 Diabetes

Managing blood sugar levels is crucial for people with type 2 diabetes. Both excessively high and low blood sugar levels can pose significant health risks. Here, we will explore what constitutes dangerous blood sugar levels and how to maintain them within a safe range.

What Are Normal and Abnormal Blood Sugar Levels?

For people without diabetes, normal fasting blood sugar levels range between 70 and 99 milligrams per decilitre (mg/dL). A fasting blood sugar level of 100 to 125 mg/dL is considered prediabetic, while a level of 126 mg/dL or higher on two separate tests indicates type 2 diabetes.

When Does High Blood Sugar Become Dangerous?

In type 2 diabetes, blood sugar levels above 180 mg/dL after meals are generally considered high. However, levels exceeding 300 mg/dL can be dangerous and may require immediate medical attention. Extremely high levels, particularly those over 600 mg/dL, can lead to a serious condition known as hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS), which is a medical emergency.

Symptoms of High Blood Sugar

To take meaningful actions, you need to recognise the symptoms of high blood sugar. Common signs and symptoms are as follows:

• Increased thirst
• Frequent urination
• Fatigue
• Blurred vision
• Headaches

If you experience these symptoms, it is important to check your blood sugar levels and consult with a healthcare professional. 

The Risks of Low Blood Sugar

While high blood sugar is a concern, low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) can also be dangerous. Blood sugar levels below 70 mg/dL can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, and even loss of consciousness. Therefore, you should monitor blood sugar levels regularly to avoid both hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia.

How to Monitor and Manage Blood Sugar Levels?

Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is vital for managing type 2 diabetes. Devices such as glucometers can help track blood sugar levels throughout the day. Maintaining a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and adhering to prescribed medications are key strategies for keeping blood sugar within a safe range.

• Balanced Diet: Consult a dietitian who can tailor your diet. In general, you can consume a smaller portion of food with fewer refined grains to support your blood sugar levels.
• Exercise Regularly: Staying active helps regulate and maintain a normal blood sugar level. Therefore, you should aim for at least 30-45 minutes of movement. You can combine strength training with aerobics for the best results.
• Diabetic Medicine: Additionally, your doctor may recommend some medicines to keep your blood sugar levels in check. These may include metformin, glinides, thiazolidinediones, and DPP-4 inhibitors.

When to Seek Medical Attention?

If your blood sugar levels are consistently above 300 mg/dL or if you experience symptoms of extremely high or low blood sugar, seek medical attention immediately. Early intervention can prevent complications associated with uncontrolled blood sugar levels.

Understanding and maintaining blood sugar levels within the recommended range is essential for individuals with type 2 diabetes.

With the help of regular monitoring, lifestyle modifications, and medical guidance, you can prevent dangerous fluctuations in blood sugar. Staying informed and proactive in managing your health can lead to better outcomes and a higher quality of life.