Early stages of tongue cancer can be tricky to detect. Many people might confuse the symptoms with everyday mouth issues like ulcers, infections or irritation from spicy food. However, understanding the early signs is important for catching the disease early and starting treatment immediately.
Tongue cancer is a type of oral cancer that starts in the cells of the tongue. Generally, it begins in the thin, flat cells called squamous cells that cover the surface of the tongue. This type is called squamous cell carcinoma. Tongue cancer can occur in two main areas:
Both types of cancer may show similar symptoms, but the location can affect how easily it is noticeable.
Here are some early signs or symptoms of early-stage tongue cancer we should not ignore:
One of the most common early signs of tongue cancer is a red or white patch on the surface of the tongue. These patches may not go away after two weeks. Red patches, which are called erythroplakia, are generally more concerning than white ones, which are leukoplakia. However, a doctor's diagnosis is required.
Many people get ulcers in their mouths from time to time. But with early tongue cancer, the sore may not heal, even after two weeks. The ulcer can be located on the side or under the tongue and can bleed easily. If someone has a sore in their tongue that lingers for more than a few weeks, it is better to consult with a doctor.
In some cases of tongue cancer, a lump or bump may form on the tongue. This lump can be painless or cause slight discomfort, feel hard or firm to the touch or grow slowly over time.
Tongue cancer may cause non-visible symptoms as well, such as numbness in some parts of the tongue, a tingling sensation in the mouth and pain while speaking or eating.
Dentists are often the first people to detect any signs of tongue cancer during any routine checkups. If they find anything unusual in the tongue, they may do the following to gather more information:
While anyone can develop tongue cancer, there are certain factors that can increase the risk. Let's discuss the risk factors for developing tongue cancer:
All these factors can lead to the overall risk of developing tongue cancer.
It is always better to seek a dentist, general doctor or ENT specialist if someone notices the following in their mouth:
Early-stage tongue cancer may appear harmless, but any unusual feeling in the mouth should not be ignored. It is crucial to consult a medical professional if something feels off. Early detection plays a key role in improving the chances of successful treatment and recovery, making it essential to act promptly.