Difference between Parkinson's Disease and Parkinsonism

Parkinsonism vs Parkinson’s Disease: What Sets Them Apart?

Parkinson’s disease and Parkinsonism are very similar conditions. However, there are significant differences between the two. Knowing the differences between the two will help you identify them and select the course of treatment when needed. Let us discuss the differences below:

What is Parkinson’s disease?

Parkinson's disease, or PD, is a progressive neurological disorder that primarily affects movement. It can also cause a wide range of non-motor symptoms. This disease is caused by the gradual loss of dopamine-producing neurones in a part of the brain called the substantia nigra.

Dopamine is an essential chemical messenger (neurotransmitter) that coordinates smooth and balanced muscle movement in our bodies. Hence, with Parkinson's, your movement is significantly affected, showing signs like tremors, postural instability, slow movement, and more.

Treatment Options for Parkinson’s Disease

Since Parkinson's disease is not curable, doctors use other methods to manage the symptoms. However, it is crucial to note that treatment may vary from person to person.

Primary treatment options include medicine. However, doctors often opt for a secondary treatment that includes deep brain stimulation, where a device sends mild electrical currents to a part of the brain to enhance movements.

What is Parkinsonism?

Parkinsonism refers to a group of neurological disorders that cause movement problems similar to those seen in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, there are different conditions caused by medications, toxins, brain injuries, or other neurological disorders. In simpler terms, Parkinsonism is a syndrome (a collection of symptoms) that resembles those of PD but may have different underlying causes.

Treatment Options for Parkinsonism

Doctors treat Parkinsonism based on your exact condition and its causes. Since there are different types of this syndrome, knowing its causes can help with the treatment. Let us discuss some of the types and their treatments.

• Normal Pressure-Hydrocephalus: Doctors treat this by relieving the pressure inside your skull. They often place a shunt inside your skull to help with pressure release.
• Drug-Induced Parkinsonism: Drugs which interfere with the brain’s dopamine often cause this. Therefore, doctors often suggest a switch in medication to manage the symptoms.
• Wilson’s Disease: In this, your skull endures too much copper buildup. Doctors usually treat this by removing the excess copper from your body.
   

According to the Parkinson's Foundation, more than 10 million people worldwide are affected by Parkinson's. However, with proper treatment, its symptoms can be managed. Parkinson's disease and Parkinsonism sound similar, but they are different conditions involving different diagnoses. So, make sure to confirm the condition before starting the treatment.