Risk Factors for Peptic Ulcer Explained

Peptic Ulcer Risk Factors: Causes and Prevention Tip

The word ‘Peptic’ refers to anything related to diabetes. Peptic ulcers are more common than many realise. They are essentially open sores in your stomach lining. They can cause discomfort, disrupt daily life, and, in severe cases, lead to complications. 
Knowing its risk factors can help you or your loved ones prevent developing a peptic ulcer. 

What is a Peptic Ulcer?

In simple terms, it is an open sore that forms on the inner lining of the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine. Your stomach contains enzymes such as stomach acids and pepsin. These help break down food. 

Since stomach acid is dangerous, your gastrointestinal tract has protective mucus. When the protective layer of mucus becomes weakened, stomach acid can cause damage, resulting in an ulcer.

Though easily treatable in most cases, ulcers can become serious without proper care.

Risk Factors for Peptic Ulcer

The human body’s defences are strong. It takes constant neglect or a persistent condition to lower these defences. Here are the risk factors for peptic ulcers: 

●  H. Pylori Infection

One of the leading causes of peptic ulcers is an infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium lives in the digestive tract and, over time, can damage the mucous coating that protects the stomach lining.

However, not everyone with H. pylori develops ulcers. However, this infection becomes the tipping point for many, especially when combined with other risk factors. Diagnosis is straightforward, and treatment usually involves antibiotics and acid-reducing medication.

●  NSAID Usage 

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen are common medications. They are OTC (over-the-counter) medicine which helps with fever and pain relief. However, regular or long-term use can irritate the stomach lining and reduce its protective mucus.

People who frequently take NSAIDs, especially in higher doses or without food, face a higher risk of ulcers. This includes older adults or those with existing stomach issues. 

●  Smoking 

Smoking not only harms the lungs but also plays a role in the development of peptic ulcers. It weakens the stomach’s defences and increases acid production, making it easier for ulcers to form. Smokers also tend to heal more slowly from ulcers. This increases the risk of complications.

●  Overconsumption of Alcohol 

Alcohol irritates and erodes the stomach lining, which can lead to inflammation and, eventually, ulcers. Heavy or frequent drinking places considerable stress on the digestive system. 

Mixing alcohol with NSAIDS or having an H. pylori infection while drinking can further increase the risk. 

●  Skipping Meals and Unbalanced Diets

Irregular eating patterns or a diet lacking in nutrients can also impact digestive health. Skipping meals often leads to excessive stomach acid production. Constant acid levels without food to buffer it can harm the stomach lining.

Additionally, overly spicy, oily, or acidic foods may not directly cause ulcers, but they can aggravate existing ones and make symptoms worse. 

●  Older Age 

People who are older tend to be affected by arthritis. This knee condition is associated with heavy painkiller usage, such as ibuprofen. Combined with a weaker pylorus, this increases the chances of developing a peptic ulcer. 

Other Risk Factors of Peptic Ulcers

Apart from the above-mentioned risk factors, there are other risk factors playing a role in peptic ulcer development. They are: 

●  Chemotherapy or radiation therapy 
●  Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome 
●  Ischemia 
●  Stomach cancer 
●  Crohn’s Disease
●  Type A or Type O blood 

Peptic ulcers often result from a combination of lifestyle habits and infections. Several health conditions also contribute to this common ailment. Recognising these risk factors early gives people a better chance of preventing ulcers or catching them before they become serious.