What Increases the Risk of Lung Cancer?

Lung Cancer Risk Factors: Causes & Prevention Strategies

Lung cancer remains one of the most common and deadliest forms of cancer worldwide. It is caused by the excessive multiplication of abnormal cells in the lungs. While early detection and modern treatments have improved survival rates, understanding what increases the chance of developing lung cancer is crucial for prevention. 

Smoking is the Number One Risk

Smoking is the most significant risk factor for lung cancer. More than 70% of lung cancer cases are directly caused by years of smoking. Cigarettes contain thousands of harmful chemicals, many of which are proven carcinogens.

Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC), the most aggressive form of lung cancer, is caused by the chemicals present in tobacco products. Therefore, people who smoke are 15-30 times more likely to develop lung cancer. 

Second-Hand Smoke

Breathing in smoke from others, often called passive or second-hand smoking, also increases lung cancer risk. Whether it happens at home, in social settings, or at work, long-term exposure to smoke harms the lungs.

Low Air Quality and Air Pollution

 
Outdoor air pollution, especially in urban and industrial areas, contributes to a growing number of lung cancer diagnoses. Smoke from diesel exhaust, for example, can cause significant harm to your lungs. 

Moreover, places with low AQI (Air Quality Index) pose a threat. Even indoor air can be a problem. Poor ventilation, use of biomass fuels, and exposure to indoor pollutants may pose similar risks. 

Silent Killer: Radon 

Radon is a colourless, odourless and naturally available radioactive gas which plays a major role in lung cancer. It can be found in rocks and soil and can seep into homes. Without proper ventilation, high levels of radon can be deadly. 

Testing home radon levels is easy and affordable. If levels are high, simple ventilation or sealing methods can significantly reduce the danger.

Exposure to Workplace Carcinogens

Some work environments demand exposure to hazardous substances that increase lung cancer risk. These include:

●  Diesel exhaust
●  Arsenic
●  Asbestos
●  Silica dust
●  Certain chemicals used in manufacturing

Previous Lung Conditions

Lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, or tuberculosis can leave scars or weaken lung defences. These changes make the lungs more susceptible to cancerous growth.

People with such histories should attend regular check-ups and avoid additional irritants like smoke or pollutants.

Arsenic Poisoning 

People residing in places with arsenic in water have a greater chance of developing cancer. Tap water may contain harmful chemicals which contribute towards the risk. Therefore, ensure that you drink purified water and avoid unhealthy or dirty water. 
 

Clinical Study: How Smoking is Related to Lung Cancer

In more than one study by PubMed, smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer. These studies confirm that the duration and intensity of smoking directly affect cancer risk. 

Combined exposure also increases lung cancer risk. The study supports the idea that risk is not just about one factor but about how several risks interact over time.

Moreover, this study suggests that quitting smoking significantly helps to reduce risk. Even long-term smokers can benefit from quitting. 

Lung cancer develops over time, often silently. However, understanding what increases your chance of getting it gives you the tools to stay ahead. Quitting smoking can help you lower the risk of getting lung cancer. If you or your loved ones need help to quit, call National Tobacco Quit Line Services (NTQLS) at 1800-112-356.