Difference Between Uterine Fibroid and Uterine Cancer

Uterine Cancer vs Fibroids | Symptoms, Tests & Treatment Options

Uterine fibroids and uterine cancer are both conditions affecting the uterus but differ significantly in nature, severity, and treatment. While fibroids are non-cancerous growths, uterine cancer refers to malignant tumours. Understanding their distinctions is vital for early diagnosis and effective treatment. This guide outlines the key differences, diagnostic methods, and how to distinguish between the two conditions.

Key Differences Between Uterine Cancer and Uterine Fibroids

Here are the main differences between the two diseases:

How to Diagnose Uterine Cancer?

Doctors can diagnose uterine cancer by performing a physical and pelvic exam. After that, they may ask for certain diagnostic tests. These include:

• Transvaginal Ultrasound: In this test, the gynaecologist inserts a small rounded device inside your vagina to get high-quality pictures of the inside. This is a form of imaging test.
• Hysteroscopy: It involves inserting a long and thin tube inside your vagina to reach past the cervix, into your uterus. The device contains a light and a camera which takes pictures inside your uterus.
• CA 125 Assay Test: CA-125 is a protein which may indicate cancer in the human body. Therefore, the implementation of this test measures its level in your body.
• Dilation and Curettage (D&C): In this process, doctors remove uterine tissue to test it in a lab. It is a complicated process and involves an operation.

How to Diagnose Uterine Fibroids?

There are several tests which can confirm uterine fibroids. They are as follows:

• Sonohysterography: Your healthcare provider will insert a catheter into your vagina. After that, they will inject saline into your uterus to produce a clear and highly defined picture.
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): With the help of magnets and radio waves, this test can take detailed pictures of your internal organs. This helps doctors identify whether you have fibroids or not.
• Laparoscopy: Your doctor makes a small incision on your lower abdomen, through which they insert a thin and flexible tube. This tube contains a camera to look at your internal organs closely.
• Hysterosalpingography (HSG): This is a kind of X-ray where the doctor injects a contrast material into your body. Then, they conduct an X-ray of your uterus.

Diagnostic Differences Between Uterine Fibroids and Uterine Cancer

Although both diseases share some similar diagnostic tests, both serve different purposes. For example, MRIs and X-rays are used in both diseases to obtain detailed pictures. However, they are not enough.

For this reason, the CA-125 Assay Test is important to diagnose uterine cancer. On the other hand, sonohysterography and hysterosalpingography (HSG) are necessary to diagnose uterine fibroids.

Distinguishing between uterine fibroids and uterine cancer is critical due to their differing implications and treatments. While fibroids are non-cancerous and often manageable, uterine cancer requires prompt and targeted intervention. Accurate diagnosis through appropriate tests ensures effective care and improved outcomes for women experiencing uterine health concerns.