Tongue Sores During Pregnancy

Overview 

Are mouth or tongue sores common during pregnancy? If you occasionally get canker sores or aphthous ulcers, you may be curious if it is expected to experience an increase in tongue sores while pregnant. However, the presence and quantity of these sores may not necessarily be related to pregnancy. On the other hand, the physical changes you are undergoing as a result of carrying another life can significantly impact your body. It is essential to understand what is considered normal during this time. 

Viruses can cause specific mouth sores and tongue ulcers, while others may be linked to nutritional deficiencies, like geographic tongue. Changes in diet or oral hygiene practices during pregnancy can increase the likelihood of developing canker sores and aphthous ulcers. Dental professionals also acknowledge that hormonal changes during pregnancy can make women more susceptible to ulcers or tongue sores. Typically, symptoms improve within 1-2 months after delivery. 

Causes of Tongue Sores during pregnancy

Pregnancy can lead to an increase in canker sores or tongue sores for some women due to hormonal changes. Typically, women are more prone to ulcers than men, which is believed to be influenced by both genetics and hormones. It’s not surprising that fluctuating hormonal levels during pregnancy can trigger an uptick in ulcer formation. 

Additionally, nutritional deficiencies can also contribute to oral sores, which can be a concern during pregnancy as women may experience food aversions and poor absorption of nutrients. One type of tongue sore, known as geographic tongue, may be linked to a vitamin deficiency. 

Even a minor injury to the mouth, such as a bump from a toothbrush, can develop ulcers. A typical scenario is accidentally hitting a sensitive area too forcefully while brushing. Individuals who have worn braces may have experienced ulcers caused by the constant irritation from the metal wire against their mouth. The mere surface irritation to the mouth is sufficient to trigger the formation of an ulcer. 

The pH levels inside your mouth can be lowered by consuming acidic foods, experiencing heartburn, and having frequent bouts of morning sickness. This increased exposure to acid can make some individuals more susceptible to developing ulcers and sores. If you are regularly affected by any of these conditions, you can minimise acid exposure by rinsing your mouth frequently with water and sleeping with your head elevated. The essential aspect is to decrease the time your stomach acids or acidic foods come into contact with your mouth. 

The formation of cluster-type ulcers and larger tongue sores that create cratered-out areas in your mouth can be attributed to viral strains such as herpes. These strains are similar to those found in chicken pox or shingles, but not the sexually transmitted disease. They tend to remain dormant in your body and may flare up when your immune system is weakened. 

In addition, sores can also be triggered by stress, allergies, and specific toothpaste blends that contain sodium laurel sulfate. 

Hormonal imbalances have been found to contribute to a greater susceptibility to oral health problems, with women being particularly affected. Given the notable hormonal fluctuations experienced during pregnancy, pregnant women may be more prone to developing tongue sores. 

Gingivitis, also known as Herpetic Gingivostomatitis, is a mouth infection that can result in blisters and sores. Recent reports suggest that gingivitis is a common occurrence among 60 to 75% of pregnant women. 

Oral thrush is a condition caused by an excessive growth of the Candida fungus, also known as Oropharyngeal Candidiasis, leading to symptoms such as a dry or painful mouth. 

If you accidentally bite your tongue or consume something scorching, it is possible to develop a sore on the tongue. 

Additionally, grinding or clenching your teeth can lead to irritation on the sides of the tongue, resulting in discomfort. 

Symptoms of Tongue Sores during pregnancy 

During pregnancy, most tongue sores imitate conventional ulcers’ typical indications and symptoms. They tend to be highly sensitive to touch or even cause significant discomfort, making it challenging to consume food. Upon closer examination, the affected area will appear smooth and raw. 

The absence of papilla (finger-like projections) makes it easier to observe these sores on the tongue. Most oral sores typically undergo a natural healing within 10-14 days. The initial few days are usually accompanied by the highest level of discomfort, which gradually subsides until complete recovery. Occasionally, you may not experience any pain until you come into contact with something salty or rough, which can irritate the sore. 

Ulcers and tongue sores can sometimes cause halitosis (bad breath) during pregnancy. This is particularly true if the sore results from a yeast or bacterial infection like thrush. 

If you experience any nodules or lumps in addition to the sore, which causes difficulty in swallowing, you must schedule an appointment with your dentist. It is essential to have sores that do not heal within two weeks examined by a healthcare professional to eliminate the possibility of oral cancer.

Promptly seeking medical attention is vital for a successful treatment of oral cancer, regardless of whether the sore is painful or not. 

Treating Tongue Sores during pregnancy 

During pregnancy, it is essential to approach the treatment of tongue sores with patience and care. Generally, these mouth sores or ulcers heal naturally within 7-10 days, but they should not persist for more than two weeks. If the duration exceeds this timeframe, it is advisable to seek medical attention. 

To aid the healing process, avoiding hard foods that can further irritate the sore and impede recovery is recommended. Instead, opt for softer food options that require minimal chewing, such as pudding, yoghurt, applesauce, and similar alternatives. 

If your OBGYN permits, consider taking an OTC pain reliever like Tylenol. 

Clean the wound and reduce swelling by gently rinsing it with a warm saltwater solution multiple times throughout the day. 

In some instances, a soft tissue dental laser can be utilised to reduce the duration of ulcers. It is essential to promptly consult your dentist when you begin to experience a “tingling” or “pinprick” sensation in the affected area. 

If you frequently experience viral ulcers, it may be necessary to discuss with your dentist the possibility of obtaining a prescription medication to address tongue sores while pregnant. A dental or medical professional should treat infected sores that lead to the spread of redness and inflammation. 

Summary  

During pregnancy, your body experiences thrilling and challenging changes, sometimes resulting in undesirable side effects such as tongue sores. Fortunately, these sores are typically harmless and can be effectively managed by practising impeccable oral hygiene and adopting relaxation techniques to alleviate stress. 

FAQs